Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: M1 macrophage-derived migrasomes ameliorate temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via autophagy

doi: 10.1186/s12951-026-04248-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Establishment and Characterization of a Temporomandibular Joint Organoid Co-Culture Model. ( A ) Schematic diagram and macroscopic appearance of the “Mini-TMJ” model. The illustration (top) depicts the co-culture setup of synovial and cartilage organoids. The corresponding bright-field images (bottom) show the gross morphology of the engineered synovial organoid (left) and cartilage organoid (right). Scale bar: 500 μm. ( B ) Histological evaluation of cartilage organoids. The panels display representative images of H&E, Safranin O, and Toluidine blue staining. Upper panels show low-magnification views (Scale bar: 50 μm), and lower panels show high-magnification views of the regions outlined by black boxes (Scale bar: 30 μm). ( C ) Representative immunohistochemical staining images for COL2A1 of the Cartilage Organoid. ( D ) mIHC analysis of synovial organoids within the TMJ-OA organoid model was performed with vimentin, CD68, and CD80 staining. Vimentin (green) labels fibroblast-like synoviocytes, while CD68 (red) and CD80 (yellow) mark M0 and M1 macrophages, respectively. Representative images are presented. ( E–F ) Representative immunofluorescence images of ( E ) SOX9 and ( F ) MMP13 in the untreated cartilage Organoid, as well as in the cartilage organoid of the TMJ-OA model, with magnified views

Article Snippet: For differentiation into M0 macrophages, cells in the logarithmic growth phase were seeded at a density of 1 × 10 6 cells per well in 6-well plates (approximately, 1 × 10 5 cells/cm 2 ) and treated with 100 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, HY-18738, MCE, USA) for 48 h; adherent cells were then gently washed twice with PBS and incubated in fresh complete medium for an additional 24 h. M1 polarization was achieved by stimulating M0 macrophages with 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS, HY-D1056, MCE, USA) and 20 ng/mL interferon-gamma (IFN-γ, HY-P7025, MCE, USA) for 48 h.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Cell Reports

Article Title: PD-1 high CXCR5 – CD4 + peripheral helper T cells promote CXCR3 + plasmablasts in human acute viral infection

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111895

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: LPS from E. Coli, TLR4 ligand , NOVUS Biologicals , NBP2-25295.

Techniques: Purification, Recombinant, Cell Isolation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, DNA Library Preparation, Software